Red coats are remeniscent of the reddish woods like Cherry and Mahogany. This coat color has a nose and liner that is Black.
White is self explainatory. These dogs have no other pattern to the coat but White. These dogs have black noses and liner.
The Black Brindle pattern is reverse from the other Brindles. Your base color is black with the stripping being lighter in color. Which is where the name of this color comes from.
Chocolates/Liver range in color from very Dark to Milk Chocolate and may have a little red mixed in. These dogs have nose and liner that is also Chocolate/Liver in color. Chocolate/Liver is a dilute of Black. This color can get confusing because it has 2 names for the same color.
The Tri color has been used by some to describe a dog with just 3 colors. Tri is actually a nickname for the Black and Tan coat. Tri dogs will have tan points above the eyes and on the cheeks, tan running up the legs and on the chest, and will always have a solid body color. Sometime these points will also be brindled which makes the dog a "Trindle". Tri dogs come in a viriety of base colors, that can also come with White or Piebald patterns.
There is still some controversy over the color Merle being a true OEB color pattern. But some of the registries are changing their stances and have started to accept this color. Merle comes in 3 colors Blue, Chocolate and Red. Blue merle is Black patches or streaks on a blue/gery marbled back ground. Red Merle has Red base coat mixed in with the blue and black patches. Both these Colors will have Black nose and Liner. And Chocolate Merle is red, brown and Chocolate colors in a marbled pattern with a Liver/Chocolate liner.